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A Multi-Sensor Agricultural Image Database for UAV and Proximal Platforms: The Eden Library
In contemporary farming, visual perception systems grounded in deep learning are emerging to equip autonomous vehicles with the capability to perform crop-field interventions. Yet securing strong performance from these techniques hinges on access to large volumes of data, a resource that is typically scarce in agricultural contexts. The core reason is that constructing an agricultural dataset that captures a given problem in exhaustive breadth is difficult, since the visual presentation of symptoms is subject to change. There is pronounced sensitivity to ambient variables such as heat, dampness, and lighting regimes. An efficient pipeline is therefore imperative to methodically shepherd the full sequence of building an agricultural dataset, from initial image capture through to its web-facing release. This manuscript describes the Eden Library, a platform conceived to help close the recognized shortfall in freely available crop and plant repositories that span both close-range and overhead imagery. The end-to-end workflow underpinning the platform’s conception and launch is also set forth and explored. This workflow merits attention because the datasets on offer are designed not as static, one-off research outputs confined to a narrow slice of species, growth stages, and environmental circumstances, but rather as evolving resources to be stewarded and expanded across time. Annotations delineating plants and their associated symptoms are supplied, thereby relieving users of the manual labeling workload. At the time of writing, the Eden Library spans 15 distinct crop species, 9 weed varieties, and 30 forms of disorder (encompassing pests, diseases, and nutritional shortfalls). The Eden Library endeavors to narrow this divide by delivering a voluminous, richly varied image trove of plants, curated coherently, to accelerate the development of future vision-driven, AI-augmented field tools.
Journal of Intelligent Agriculture and Food Systems
Original Research | Open access | 15 September 2025 | Article: 122

Machine Learning–Based Nutrient Optimization for Plant Growth in Aquaponic Irrigation Using Small Training Datasets
In light of ongoing trends in metropolitan farming and global climate shifts, there is a growing need for alternative plant cultivation strategies that can operate independently of soil. Aquaponic and hydroponic growing methods have proven workable replacements, yet the scarcity of streamlined, ideal procedures for watering and nutrient delivery curtails their deployment at a mass commercial scale. The primary objective of this investigation was to develop statistical techniques and Machine Learning models to adjust nutrient levels in aquaponic irrigation systems in response to crop demand, thereby securing peak plant performance and facilitating wider commercial uptake of aquaponic farming. A core difficulty in crafting these models is the thinness of available data, which calls for the application of Bolstered error estimation methodologies. This paper assesses a range of linear and non-linear algorithms conditioned on comparatively small data sets using bolstered error estimation techniques to identify the superior approach for guiding nutrient control decisions in hydroponic contexts. Upon conducting multiple tests on the data, it was concluded that the Semi-Bolstered Resubstitution Error estimation strategy yields the best results in our scenario, using a Linear Support Vector Machine as the categorizer with a penalty factor of 1. A series of suggested directives was developed as a Decision Support System, derived from the Machine Learning model’s outputs, and verified against the baseline framework’s findings. Moreover, the constructive influence of the recommended nutrient mixtures on plant growth in aquaponic conditions is examined in detail.
Journal of Intelligent Agriculture and Food Systems
Original Research | Open access | 15 September 2025 | Article: 124